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Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 60-79 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0011-3

摘要： Radiative properties of rough surfaces, particulate media and porous materials are important in thermal engineerit transfer between surfaces and volume elements in participating media, as well as for accurate radiometric temperature measurements. In this paper, recent research on scattering of thermal radiation by rough surfaces, fibrous insulation, soot, aerogel, biological materials, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was reviewed. Both theoretical modeling and experimental investigation are discussed. Rigorous solutions and approximation methods for surface scattering and volume scattering are described. The approach of using measured surface roughness statistics in Monte Carlo simulations to predict radiative properties of rough surfaces is emphasized. The effects of various parameters on the radiative properties of particulate media and porous materials are summarized.

关键词： aerogel     fiber     particle scattering     radiative properties     soot     surface roughness    

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Response surface regression analysis on FeCrBSi particle in-flight properties by plasma spray

Runbo MA,Lihong DONG,Haidou WANG,Shuying CHEN,Zhiguo XING

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第3期   页码 250-257 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0401-2

摘要：

This work discusses the interactive effects between every two of argon flow rate, voltage, and spray distance on in-flight particles by plasma spray and constructs models that can be used in predicting and analyzing average velocity and temperature. Results of the response surface methodology show that the interactive effects between voltage and spray distance on particle in-flight properties are significant. For a given argon flow rate, particle velocity and temperature response surface are obviously bending, and a saddle point exists. With an increase in spray distance, the interactive effects between voltage and argon flow rate on particle in-flight properties appear gradually and then weaken. With an increase in voltage, the interactive effects between spray distance and argon flow rate on particle in-flight properties change from appearing to strengthening and then to weakening.

关键词： particle velocity     particle temperature     interactive effects     response surface    

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Research on the influence of contact surface constraint on mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite

Baoyun ZHAO, Yang LIU, Dongyan LIU, Wei HUANG, Xiaoping WANG, Guibao YU, Shu LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 322-330 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0594-7

摘要： The contact form of rock-concrete has a crucial influence on the failure characteristics of the stability of rock-concrete engineering. To study the influence of contact surface on the mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite specimens under compressive loads, the two different contact forms of rock-concrete composite specimens are designed, the mechanical properties of these two different specimens are analyzed under triaxial compressive condition, and analysis comparison on the stress-strain curves and failure forms of the two specimens is carried out. The influence of contact surface constraint on the mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite specimens is obtained. Results show that the stress and strain of rock-concrete composite specimens with contact surface constraint are obviously higher than those without. Averagely, compared with composite specimens without the contact surface, the existence of contact surface constraint can increase the axial peak stress of composite specimens by 24% and the axial peak strain by 16%. According to the characteristics of the fracture surface, the theory of microcrack development is used to explain the contact surface constraint of rock-concrete composite specimens, which explains the difference of mechanical properties between the two rock-concrete composite specimens in the experiment. Research results cannot only enrich the research content of the mechanics of rock contact, but also can serve as a valuable reference for the understanding of the corresponding mechanics mechanism of other similar composite specimens.

关键词： rock-concrete     composite specimen     contact surface     mechanical properties     failure mechanism    

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Characterization of the surface and interfacial properties of the lamina splendens

Joe T. REXWINKLE, Heather K. HUNT, Ferris M. PFEIFFER

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第12卷 第2期   页码 234-252 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0409-2

摘要：

Joint disease affects approximately 52.5 million patients in the United States alone, costing 80.8 billion USD in direct healthcare costs. The development of treatment programs for joint disease and trauma requires accurate assessment of articular cartilage degradation. The articular cartilage is the interfacial tissue between articulating surfaces, such as bones, and acts as low-friction interfaces. Damage to the lamina splendens, which is the articular cartilage’s topmost layer, is an early indicator of joint degradation caused by injury or disease. By gaining comprehensive knowledge on the lamina splendens, particularly its structure and interfacial properties, researchers could enhance the accuracy of human and animal biomechanical models, as well as develop appropriate biomimetic materials for replacing damaged articular cartilage, thereby leading to rational treatment programs for joint disease and injury. Previous studies that utilize light, electron, and force microscopy techniques have found that the lamina splendens is composed of collagen fibers oriented parallel to the cartilage surface and encased in a proteoglycan matrix. Such orientation maximizes wear resistance and proteoglycan retention while promoting the passage of nutrients and synovial fluid. Although the structure of the lamina splendens has been explored in the literature, the low-friction interface of this tissue remains only partially characterized. Various functional models are currently available for the interface, such as pure boundary lubrication, thin films exuded under pressure, and sheets of trapped proteins. Recent studies suggest that each of these lubrication models has certain advantages over one another. Further research is needed to fully model the interface of this tissue. In this review, we summarize the methods for characterizing the lamina splendens and the results of each method. This paper aims to serve as a resource for existing studies to date and a roadmap of the investigations needed to gain further insight into the lamina splendens and the progression of joint disease.

关键词： cartilage     lamina splendens     characterization     biomechanics     orthopaedic     review    

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Influence of pore size and membrane surface properties on arsenic removal by nanofiltration membranes

Nathalie Tanne, Rui Xu, Mingyue Zhou, Pan Zhang, Xiaomao Wang, Xianghua Wen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1105-8

摘要：

Four NF membranes were compared regarding arsenate rejection and their properties.

Rejection of arsenate had no relationship with membrane pore size.

A more negative surface charge was favorable for arsenate rejection at neutral pH.

A severe membrane fouling could lead to a great reduction of arsenic rejection.

关键词： Arsenate     Nanofiltration     Drinking water     Membrane property     Membrane fouling    

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Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2176-9

摘要： Newly synthesized functional nanoparticles, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATA)/SiO2–TiO2 were introduced to the polyurethane (PU) matrix. Electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the barrier properties of the synthesized PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coated steel specimen. In natural seawater, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments indicated outstanding protective behaviour for the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coated steel. The coating resistance (Rcoat) of PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 was determined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm–2. The Rcoat of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coating was found to be over 50% higher than the PU coating. The current measured along the scratched surface of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating was found to be very low (1.65 nA). The enhanced ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles inhibited the entry of electrolytes into the coating interface, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the degradation products. Water contact angle testing validated the hydrophobic nature of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating (θ = 115.4°). When the concentration of ATA/SiO2−TiO2 nanoparticles was 2 wt %, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed better mechanical properties. Therefore, the newly synthesised PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite provided excellent barrier and mechanical properties due to the addition of ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles to the polyurethane, which inhibited material degradation and aided in the prolongation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词： SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticle     nanocomposite coatings     dynamic mechanical analysis     electrochemical techniques     corrosion     colloids and interfaces    

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Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1675-3

摘要：

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage.

关键词： Coagulation/flocculation     Hydroxyl-aluminum     Hydrolysis reaction     Reactor performance     Activated sludge property     Surface properties    

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Development of a combined approach for improvement and optimization of karanja biodiesel using response surface

Sunil DHINGRA, Gian BHUSHAN, Kashyap Kumar DUBEY

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 495-505 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0267-5

摘要： This paper described the production of karanja biodiesel using response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA). The optimum combination of reaction variables were analyzed for maximizing the biodiesel yield. The yield obtained by the RSM was 65% whereas the predicted value was 70%. The mathematical regression model proposed from the RSM was coupled with the GA. By using this technique, 90% of the yield was obtained at a molar ratio of 38, a reaction time of 8 hours, a reaction temperature of 40 oC, a catalyst concentration of 2% oil, and a mixing speed of 707 r/min. The yield produced was closer to the predicted value of 94.2093%. Hence, 25% of the improvement in the biodiesel yield was reported. Moreover the different properties of karanja biodiesel were found closer to the American Society for Testing & Materials (ASTM) standard of biodiesel.

关键词： optimization of karanja biodiesel     genetic algorithm (GA)     response surface methodology (RSM)     percentage improvement in the biodiesel yield     properties of biodiesel    

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Shape/size controlling syntheses, properties and applications of two-dimensional noble metal nanocrystals

Baozhen An,Mingjie Li,Jialin Wang,Chaoxu Li

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 360-382 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1576-0

摘要： Two dimensional (2D) nanocrystals of noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag, Pt) often have unique structural and environmental properties which make them useful for applications in electronics, optics, sensors and biomedicines. In recent years, there has been a focus on discovering the fundamental mechanisms which govern the synthesis of the diverse geometries of these 2D metal nanocrystals (e.g., shapes, thickness, and lateral sizes). This has resulted in being able to better control the properties of these 2D structures for specific applications. In this review, a brief historical survey of the intrinsic anisotropic properties and quantum size effects of 2D noble metal nanocrystals is given and then a summary of synthetic approaches to control their shapes and sizes is presented. The unique properties and fascinating applications of these nanocrystals are also discussed.

关键词： two-dimension     noble metal     nanocrystal     surface plasmon     controllable synthesis    

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Chemical additives affect sulfate reducing bacteria biofilm properties adsorbed on stainless steel 316Lsurface in circulating cooling water system

Yu Qi,Jin Li,Rui Liang,Sitong Ji,Jianxiang Li,Meng Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0917-7

摘要： There are more polysaccharides than proteins in EPS on SS316L surface. NaClO cuts down more protein, while 1227 reduced more polysaccharides in EPS. HEDP slightly eased the corrosion, NaClO and 1227 inhibited the microbial corrosion. NaClO still performed pitting corrosion properties to some extent. 1227 changed the C:O and NaClO decreased the amidogen in SS316L surface film. This paper studied the biofilm properties and corrosion behavior of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) on stainless steel 316L (SS316L) surface in circulating cooling water system with and without additives including hydroxy ethyl fork phosphonic acid (HEDP), dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlotide (1227) and NaClO. Biochemical technique, electrochemical technology, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used. The results show that the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in biofilm attached on the SS316L surface mainly contain proteins and polysaccharides, the contents are 98 ug·cm and 635ug·cm , respectively. The polysaccharides were cut by 1227 about 80%, while 55% by NaClO. The proteins were reduced by NaClO about 53%, while only 30% by 1227. The potentiodynamic polarization shows that the corrosion potential of SS316L was enhanced from −0.495 V to −0.390 V by the chemical additives, delaying the occurrence of the corrosion. And the corrosion rate was also reduced from 5.19 × 10 mm·a to 2.42 × 10 mm·a . But NaClO still caused pitting corrosion after sterilizing the bacteria, while 1227 can form a protective film on the surface of SS316L. Though HEDP contribute to the bacteria activity, it can enhance the breakdown potential. XPS results confirmed that 1227 can change the value of C:O in the biofilm attached on metal surface, and NaClO can eliminate the existence of amidogen. This study would provide some recommendations for the selection of chemical additives in the thermal power plant.

关键词： Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB)     Chemical additives     Biofilm     Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)     Microbe Corrosion    

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hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing and thermal properties

Jinian Yang, Yuxuan Xu, Chang Su, Shibin Nie, Zhenyu Li

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1281-1295 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2007-9

摘要： Poor interfacial adhesion and dispersity severely obstruct the continued development of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced epoxy (EP) for potential applications. Herein, hierarchical CNT nanohybrids using nickel phyllosilicate (Ni-PS) as surface decorations (CNT@Ni-PS) were synthesized, and the nanocomposites derived from varied mass fractions of EP and CNT@Ni-PS were prepared. The morphological structures, tribological performances, curing behaviors and thermal properties of EP/CNT@Ni-PS nanocomposites were carefully investigated. Results show that hierarchical CNT nanohybrids with homogeneous dispersion and well-bonded interfacial adhesion in the matrix are successfully obtained, presenting significantly improved thermal and tribological properties. Moreover, analysis on cure kinetics proves the excellent promotion of CNT@Ni-PS on the non-isothermal curing process, lowering the curing energy barrier steadily.

关键词： nickel phyllosilicate     surface decoration     tribological property     curing kinetics     thermal performance    

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Using thermodynamic parameters to study self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified

Dongliang HU, Jianzhong PEI, Rui LI, Jiupeng ZHANG, Yanshun JIA, Zepeng FAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 109-122 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0579-6

摘要： The thermodynamic property of asphalt binder is changed by the addition of crumb rubber, which in turn influences the self-healing property as well as the cohesion and adhesion within the asphalt-aggregate system. This study investigated the self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) using thermodynamic parameters based on the molecular simulation approach. The molecular models of CRMA were built with representative structures of the virgin asphalt and the crumb rubber. The aggregate was represented by SiO and Al O crystals. The self-healing capability was evaluated with the thermodynamic parameter wetting time, work of cohesion and diffusivity. The interface properties were evaluated by characterizing the adhesion capability, the debonding potential and the moisture susceptibility of the asphalt-aggregate interface. The self-healing capability of CRMA is found to decrease as the rubber content increases. The asphalt-Al O interface with higher rubber content has stronger adhesion and moisture stability. But the influence of crumb rubber on the interfacial properties of asphalt-SiO interface has no statistical significance. Comparing with the interfacial properties of the asphalt-SiO interface, the asphalt-Al O interface is found to have a stronger adhesion but a worse moisture susceptibility for its enormous thermodynamic potential for water to displace the asphalt binder.

关键词： crumb rubber modified asphalt     surface free energy     self-healing     interface properties     molecular dynamics simulation    

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SERS nanoprobes for bio-application

Han-Wen Cheng,Jin Luo,Chuan-Jian Zhong

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 428-441 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1536-0

摘要： The ability to tune the size, shape, composition and surface properties impart nanoparticles with the desired functions for bio-application. This article highlights some of the recent examples in the exploration of metal (e.g., gold and silver) nanoparticles, especially those with magnetic properties and bio-conjugated structures, as theranostic nanoprobes. Such nanoprobes exhibit tunable optical, spectroscopic, magnetic, and electrical properties for signal amplifications. Examples discussed in this article will focus on the nanoproble-enhanced colorimetric detection and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of biomarkers or biomolecules such as proteins and DNAs. The understanding of factors controlling the biomolecular interactions is essential for the design of SERS nanoprobes with theranostic functions.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering     functional nanoprobes     bio-conjugation     metal nanoparticles     magnetic properties     theranostic materials    

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Surface modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticle with 4-triethoxysilylaniline to enhance seawaterdesalination properties of thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes

Jian Wang, Qun Wang, Xueli Gao, Xinxia Tian, Yangyang Wei, Zhen Cao, Chungang Guo, Huifeng Zhang, Zhun Ma, Yushan Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1185-5

摘要： Mesoporous silica nanoparticle was modified with 4-triethoxysilylaniline. AMSN-based TFN-RO membranes were prepared for seawater desalination. Water transport capability of the AMSN was limited by polyamide. Polyamide still plays a key role in permeability of the TFN RO membranes. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), with higher water permeability than NaA zeolite, were used to fabricate thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. However, only aminoalkyl-modified MSN and low-pressure (less than 2.1 MPa) RO membrane were investigated. In this study, aminophenyl-modified MSN (AMSN) were synthesized and used to fabricate high-pressure (5.52 MPa) RO membranes. With the increasing of AMSN dosage, the crosslinking degree of the aromatic polyamide decreased, while the hydrophilicity of the membranes increased. The membrane morphology was maintained to show a ridge-and-valley structure, with only a slight increase in membrane surface roughness. At the optimum conditions (AMSN dosage of 0.25 g/L), when compared with the pure polyamide RO membrane, the water flux of the TFN RO membrane (55.67 L/m2/h) was increased by about 21.6%, while NaCl rejection (98.97%) was slightly decreased by only 0.29%. However, the water flux of the membranes was much lower than expected. We considered that the enhancement of RO membrane permeability is attributed to the reduction of the effective thickness of the PA layer.

关键词： Thin film nanocomposite membrane     Reverse osmosis     Seawater desalination     Aminophenyl-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles    

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Effect of different high viscosity modifiers on rheological properties of high viscosity asphalt

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1390-1399 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0775-z

摘要： High viscosity asphalt (HVA) has been a great success as a drainage pavement material. However, the larger porosity of drainage asphalt mixtures weakens the cohesion and adhesion and leads to premature rutting, water damage, spalling and cracking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rheological properties of HVA prepared using different high viscosity modifiers through conventional tests, Brookfield viscosity tests, dynamic shear rheometer tests and bending beam rheometer tests. The conventional performance results demonstrated SBS + rubber asphalt (SRA-1/2) exhibited excellent elastic recovery and low-temperature flexibility. The 60°C dynamic viscosity results indicated TPS + rubber asphalt (TRA) had the excellent adhesion. The rotational viscosity results and rheological results indicated that SRA-2 not only exhibited excellent temperature stability and workability, as well as excellent resistance to deformation and rutting resistance, but also exhibited excellent low-temperature cracking resistance and relaxation performance. Based on rheological results, the PG classification of HVA was 16% rubber + asphalt for PG76-22, 20% rubber + asphalt for PG88-22, TRA and SRA-1/2 for PG88-28. From comprehensive evaluation of the viscosity, temperature stability and sensitivity, as well as high/low temperature performance of HVA, SRA-2 was found to be more suited to the requirements of drainage asphalt pavement materials.

关键词： high viscosity asphalt     rheological properties     rubber     modifier     viscosity    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

期刊论文

Response surface regression analysis on FeCrBSi particle in-flight properties by plasma spray

Runbo MA,Lihong DONG,Haidou WANG,Shuying CHEN,Zhiguo XING

期刊论文

Research on the influence of contact surface constraint on mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite

Baoyun ZHAO, Yang LIU, Dongyan LIU, Wei HUANG, Xiaoping WANG, Guibao YU, Shu LIU

期刊论文

Characterization of the surface and interfacial properties of the lamina splendens

Joe T. REXWINKLE, Heather K. HUNT, Ferris M. PFEIFFER

期刊论文

Influence of pore size and membrane surface properties on arsenic removal by nanofiltration membranes

Nathalie Tanne, Rui Xu, Mingyue Zhou, Pan Zhang, Xiaomao Wang, Xianghua Wen

期刊论文

Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

期刊论文

Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual

期刊论文

Development of a combined approach for improvement and optimization of karanja biodiesel using response surface

Sunil DHINGRA, Gian BHUSHAN, Kashyap Kumar DUBEY

期刊论文

Shape/size controlling syntheses, properties and applications of two-dimensional noble metal nanocrystals

Baozhen An,Mingjie Li,Jialin Wang,Chaoxu Li

期刊论文

Chemical additives affect sulfate reducing bacteria biofilm properties adsorbed on stainless steel 316Lsurface in circulating cooling water system

Yu Qi,Jin Li,Rui Liang,Sitong Ji,Jianxiang Li,Meng Liu

期刊论文

hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing and thermal properties

Jinian Yang, Yuxuan Xu, Chang Su, Shibin Nie, Zhenyu Li

期刊论文

Using thermodynamic parameters to study self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified

Dongliang HU, Jianzhong PEI, Rui LI, Jiupeng ZHANG, Yanshun JIA, Zepeng FAN

期刊论文

SERS nanoprobes for bio-application

Han-Wen Cheng,Jin Luo,Chuan-Jian Zhong

期刊论文

Surface modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticle with 4-triethoxysilylaniline to enhance seawaterdesalination properties of thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes

Jian Wang, Qun Wang, Xueli Gao, Xinxia Tian, Yangyang Wei, Zhen Cao, Chungang Guo, Huifeng Zhang, Zhun Ma, Yushan Zhang

期刊论文

Effect of different high viscosity modifiers on rheological properties of high viscosity asphalt

期刊论文